The effect of tranexamic acid in reducing postoperative hemorrhage in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass...

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Surgery
• Anesthesiology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, are a leading cause of global mortality.
• Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a primary treatment for coronary artery disease.
• Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent that inhibits fibrinolysis to prevent bleeding.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing postoperative bleeding after CABG surgery.
• To assess the impact of topical TXA on transfusion requirements and other bleeding-related outcomes.

Main Methods:

• A randomized controlled trial involving 62 patients undergoing CABG surgery.
• Patients were divided into two groups: topical TXA (2g mediastinal injection) and control (normal saline).
• Data were analyzed using the t-test and Fisher's test with SPSS 19 software.

Main Results:

• The TXA group showed significantly lower postoperative hemorrhage, packed cell volume, platelet transfusion, and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) requirements compared to the control group (P < 0.05).
• Surgical duration was also significantly shorter in the TXA group.
• No significant differences were observed in age, sex, return to the operating room, or discharge rates between the groups.

Conclusions:

• Topical TXA administration in CABG surgery effectively reduces postoperative bleeding, packed cell volume, and the need for blood products like platelets and FFP.
• The study found no significant adverse effects on the rate of return to the operating room or mortality.
• Topical TXA is a safe and effective adjunct for managing bleeding in CABG procedures.