Energy-Efficient Hybrid Routing Protocol for IoT Communication Systems in 5G and Beyond

Area of Science:

• Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
• 5G Communications
• Internet of Things (IoT)

Background:

• Energy constraints of sensor nodes in WSNs limit network performance and lifetime.
• 5G and IoT applications increasingly require high-capacity communication systems like Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO).

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel clustering technique for energy efficiency in MIMO-based IoT communication systems.
• To enhance the performance and longevity of WSNs in 5G environments and beyond.

Main Methods:

• Development of a MIMO-based energy-efficient unequal hybrid clustering (MIMO-HC) protocol.
• Experimental analysis and comparison with existing state-of-the-art clustering techniques.

Main Results:

• The proposed MIMO-HC protocol demonstrates reduced energy consumption compared to existing methods.
• MIMO-HC significantly improves network lifetime, extending it by approximately 3x.
• Cluster heads in MIMO-HC consume 40% less energy than in existing protocols.

Conclusions:

• The MIMO-HC protocol is an effective solution for achieving energy efficiency in MIMO-based IoT systems within 5G networks.
• The proposed protocol offers substantial improvements in network lifetime and energy conservation.