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Related Concept Videos

The Retina01:32

The Retina

The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

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Retinal imaging study diagnoses in COVID-19: a case report.

José M Ortiz-Egea1, Jorge Ruiz-Medrano2, José M Ruiz-Moreno3,2,4

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Castilla La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain. joemortiz@hotmail.com.

Journal of Medical Case Reports
|January 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Retinal hyperreflective lesions detected via optical coherence tomography (OCT) may indicate COVID-19 infection. This case highlights the potential for ophthalmic examination to aid in diagnosing the virus, even with mild or no symptoms.

Keywords:
COVID-19OCTOphthalmologyRetinaSARS-CoV-2

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Recent studies link COVID-19 to specific retinal findings like hyperreflective lesions and cotton wool spots.
  • These lesions appear in the ganglion cell (GCL) and inner plexiform retinal layers (IPL) on optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Observation:

  • A 42-year-old male anesthetist with recent COVID-19 exposure presented with sudden vision changes.
  • Ophthalmic examination revealed a hyperreflective band in the GCL and IPL on OCT, sparing the outer retina.
  • Initial RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was negative, but antibody tests (ELISA, rapid detection) were positive.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 based on positive antibody tests and characteristic OCT findings.
  • The hyperreflective band persisted at a 1-month follow-up examination.
  • Despite a negative initial viral RNA test, ocular findings supported the COVID-19 diagnosis.

Implications:

  • Ocular manifestations of COVID-19, particularly retinal changes, may be underdiagnosed.
  • Ophthalmic examinations, including OCT, can be crucial for identifying COVID-19 in certain cases.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering COVID-19 in patients presenting with specific retinal findings.