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Should all patients with hypertension be worried about developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?

Ramin Hosseinzadeh1, Mohammad Ali Sheikh Beig Goharrizi2, Mansour Bahardoust3,4

  • 1Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Clinical Hypertension
|January 16, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension complicates COVID-19 outcomes. Older age, obesity (BMI > 25), diabetes, and kidney disease predict severe COVID-19 in hypertensive patients, indicating a need for closer monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hypertension is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 patients, associated with worse clinical outcomes.
  • Limited evidence exists on prognostic factors for COVID-19 severity in hypertensive individuals.
  • This study evaluates prognostic factors and compares characteristics of COVID-19 patients with and without hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify prognostic factors for predicting COVID-19 severity in patients with hypertension.
  • To evaluate epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory differences between COVID-19 patients with and without hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of medical profiles of 598 COVID-19 cases.
  • Patients categorized into two groups: with and without a history of hypertension.
  • Comparison of epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory, radiological features, and clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension was present in 29.4% of COVID-19 patients.
  • Hypertensive patients had higher rates of diabetes, cardiovascular, and renal disorders.
  • Severe/critical COVID-19 was significantly higher in the hypertensive group (23.8% vs. 9.7%).
  • Predictors of COVID-19 progression in hypertensive patients included BMI > 25, age > 60, longer hospitalization, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertensive patients aged over 60, with BMI > 25 Kg/m², cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease face poorer outcomes with COVID-19 infection.
Abstract

Keywords:
HypertensionRisk factorSevere COVID-19

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