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Environmental stress destabilizes microbial networks.

Damian J Hernandez1, Aaron S David2,3, Eric S Menges4

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA. d.hernandez18@umiami.edu.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental stress destabilizes soil microbial communities. Declining diversity and altered network properties, like reduced cohesion, indicate instability, potentially disrupting vital ecosystem services.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Ecosystem Dynamics

Background:

  • Global environmental stress is rising, impacting microbial communities and ecosystem services.
  • Understanding how stress affects microbial community stability and function is crucial but limited.
  • Soil microbiomes are vital for ecosystem health and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of persistent environmental stress on soil microbial community structure and stability.
  • To identify network properties indicative of microbial community instability under stress.
  • To explore shifts in microbial taxa and functional guilds along environmental stress gradients.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed soil microbiome diversity and structure across 40 replicate stress gradients (elevation/water availability) in Florida scrub.
  • Analyzed microbial community network properties, including modularity and negative:positive cohesion.
  • Quantified changes in relative abundance of pathogenic, oligotrophic, and mutualistic taxa/functional guilds.

Main Results:

  • Prokaryotic and fungal diversity significantly declined under high environmental stress.
  • Modularity and negative:positive cohesion showed a strong negative relationship with stress, explaining 51-78% of variation.
  • Pathogenic taxa decreased, while oligotrophs and mutualists increased along the stress gradient.

Conclusions:

  • Naturally occurring soil microbiomes exhibit unstable network properties under persistent environmental stress.
  • Decreasing modularity and cohesion, driven by shifts in biotic interactions, suggest destabilization.
  • Increasing Anthropocene stress may undermine microbiomes and their essential ecosystem services.