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[Various disturbances in beta cell function in diabetes mellitus].

D Lohmann, H J Verlohren, M Ellorhaoui

    Endokrinologie
    |July 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Juvenile diabetes shows no insulin secretion stimulation. Maturity-onset diabetes patients exhibit varied responses to stimuli, with some showing complete beta cell glucose receptor insufficiency.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Disorders
    • Diabetes Mellitus Research

    Background:

    • Diabetes mellitus is characterized by impaired insulin secretion and glucose metabolism.
    • Differentiation of insulin secretion patterns is crucial for understanding diabetes subtypes.
    • Juvenile and maturity-onset diabetes exhibit distinct pathophysiological mechanisms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and differentiate insulin secretion patterns in various types of diabetes mellitus.
    • To assess the responsiveness of insulin secretion to different stimuli in diabetic patients.
    • To identify potential beta cell dysfunction in specific diabetes mellitus phenotypes.

    Main Methods:

    • Stimulation of insulin secretion using glucagon and tolbutamide in patients with diabetes mellitus.
    • Administration of oral and intravenous glucose loads to assess glucose-induced insulin release.
    • Measurement of serum insulin levels in response to various stimuli.

    Main Results:

    • Juvenile diabetes generally shows no inducible insulin secretion.
    • Maturity-onset diabetes patients demonstrated increased serum insulin levels after glucagon or tolbutamide stimulation.
    • A subset of maturity-onset diabetes patients failed to exhibit insulin secretion in response to both oral and intravenous glucose challenges.

    Conclusions:

    • Insulin secretion patterns vary significantly across different diabetes mellitus types.
    • Some maturity-onset diabetes cases may involve a complete lack of functional beta cell glucose receptors.
    • These findings highlight the heterogeneity of beta cell function in diabetes mellitus.

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