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Technique of Conjunctival Biopsy and Direct Immunofluorescence for Diagnosing Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
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Technique of Conjunctival Biopsy and Direct Immunofluorescence for Diagnosing Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid

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Immunoglobulin M pemphigoid.

Katharina Boch1, Christoph M Hammers2, Stephanie Goletz3

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|January 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified type XVII collagen (Col17) as a target antigen in patients with immunoglobulin M (IgM) pemphigoid. This finding advances understanding of autoimmune blistering diseases.

Keywords:
IgMpemphigoidpemphigoid diseasessubepidermal autoimmune blistering disease(s)

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Autoimmune Blistering Diseases

Background:

  • Pemphigoid diseases are autoimmune disorders affecting the skin.
  • They involve autoantibodies targeting the dermoepidermal junction (DEJ).
  • While immunoglobulin G (IgG) and A (IgA) are common, the targets of sole linear immunoglobulin M (IgM) deposits were unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize patients with IgM pemphigoid.
  • To identify the specific autoantigens targeted by IgM in these patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of skin biopsy specimens and sera from IgM-positive patients.
  • Utilized histopathology, immunofluorescence microscopy (direct and indirect), ELISAs, immunoblotting, cryosection assay, complement fixation, and internalization assays.

Main Results:

  • Identified tissue-bound linear IgM deposits at the DEJ.
  • Detected circulating IgM autoantibodies targeting type XVII collagen (Col17).
  • Observed Col17 internalization ex vivo, but no complement activation or blister induction by these IgM autoantibodies.

Conclusions:

  • Type XVII collagen (Col17) is a target antigen in IgM pemphigoid.
  • This study supports the role of IgM autoantibodies in pemphigoid diseases.
  • Further research is needed due to the limited number of patients studied.