Fishers' knowledge detects ecological decay in the Mediterranean Sea

Area of Science:

• Marine Biology
• Fisheries Science
• Conservation Science

Background:

• The Northern Adriatic Sea (NAS) faces significant overexploitation.
• Gaps exist in scientific understanding of NAS ecosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

• To utilize Fishers' Ecological Knowledge (FEK) for establishing historical ecological baselines in the NAS.
• To assess perceived changes in species diversity and abundance over 60 years.

Main Methods:

• Interviews with 53 fishers across three Italian ports.
• Estimation of catch rates for four key demersal species.
• Analysis of perceived species and benthic diversity across fisher experience levels (novices, experienced, veterans).

Main Results:

• Significant declines in perceived abundance of sole, common cuttlefish, and mantis shrimp.
• Evidence of Shifting Baseline Syndrome (SBS) identified in novice fishers.
• FEK provides valuable data complementing scientific research.

Conclusions:

• FEK is crucial for understanding historical ecological baselines and informing conservation efforts.
• Enhanced participation of fishers in marine management and intergenerational knowledge transfer is recommended.
• Addressing SBS is vital for effective marine ecosystem management and conservation in the NAS.