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Developing Quality Indicators for Helicopter Emergency Medical Services Coordination in Norwegian Emergency Medical
Eivinn Årdal Skjærseth1, Helge Haugland1, Andreas Jorstad Krüger2
1Department of Emergency Medicine and Pre-Hospital Services, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Objective:
Efforts to optimize the use, availability, and safety of helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) is important. A lack of consistent and comprehensive flight dispatch procedures and a lack of use of safety technology are recurring safety problems. Reports after several major incidents pointed toward a possible gain by coordinating Norwegian HEMS from regional emergency medical communication centrals. Our objective was to develop and implement relevant quality indicators before such implementation in central Norway.
Methods:
We recruited an expert panel of 24 persons representing Norwegian health authorities, emergency medical communication centrals, and HEMS bases and performed a 3-step e-mail-based Delphi process to develop relevant quality indicators. Each indicator was assessed according to their feasibility, rankability, actionability, and variability. To reach a consensus, a median score of 5 or more on a 6-point Likert scale in step 3 was needed.
Results:
A total of 61 quality indicators were proposed. Of the 14 indicators that reached a consensus, 12 of these were considered process indicators, and 2 were bordering to outcome indicators.
Conclusion:
We applied a Delphi process method to develop quality indicators for HEMS coordination and flight following. An experienced and heterogeneous expert panel suggested and reached a consensus on which quality indicators should be applied.
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