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Reverse blood flow in cervicofacial veins after venous ligations: Potential implications in microsurgery
L Nokovitch1, B Peyrachon2, A-G Chaux-Bodard1
1Oncologic Surgery Department, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery : JPRAS
|January 18, 2021
Summary
Major cervicofacial vein ligations, like external jugular vein (EJV) and internal jugular vein (IJV) ligation, cause significant venous flow changes. Doppler ultrasound revealed blood flow redistribution and potential retrograde flows, impacting microanastomosis success.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Medical Imaging
- Anatomy
Background:
- The impact of major cervicofacial vein ligations on venous circulation is not well understood.
- Cervicofacial venous network alterations following external jugular vein (EJV) and internal jugular vein (IJV) ligation require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate Doppler Ultrasound flow differences in the cervicofacial venous network after unilateral or bilateral ligation of the EJV and/or IJV.
- To assess the consequences of major venous collector trunk ligations on venous circulation.
Main Methods:
- Doppler ultrasound was performed on healthy volunteers and patients with prior EJV and/or IJV ligations.
- Measurements included diameter, flow direction, and peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the superficial temporal vein, facial vein (FV), and IJV.
Main Results:
- Healthy individuals exhibited similar right/left PSV and antegrade flows in studied veins.
- Patients with ligations showed significant right/left differences and occasional retrograde flows.
Conclusions:
- Unilateral ligation of the EJV and/or IJV induces venous blood flow redistribution to the contralateral side.
- Observed retrograde flows in ligated veins may complicate venous microanastomosis procedures.
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