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Open partial nephrectomy: current review.

Ellen O'Connor1,2, Brennan Timm1,3, Nathan Lawrentschuk2,4

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia.

Translational Andrology and Urology
|January 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Open partial nephrectomy (OPN) remains a vital surgical option for localized kidney cancer, especially in complex cases. This nephron-sparing surgery preserves kidney function and is crucial for select patients.

Keywords:
Renal neoplasmcomplicationsminimally invasive surgical proceduresnephronorgan preservationurological surgical procedures

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Partial nephrectomy (PN) is the preferred treatment for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) when feasible.
  • Nephron-sparing surgery preserves renal parenchyma and function but carries surgical risks.
  • Minimally invasive techniques (laparoscopic, robotic) have altered the role of open partial nephrectomy (OPN).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the contemporary role and indications of open partial nephrectomy (OPN).
  • To discuss the advantages of OPN in complex renal cell carcinoma cases.
  • To highlight OPN's relevance in current nephron-sparing surgical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current urological literature and surgical evidence.
  • Discussion of indications, operative considerations, and surgical techniques for OPN.
  • Analysis of OPN's application in complex patient scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Open partial nephrectomy (OPN) offers distinct advantages in specific patient groups.
  • OPN is particularly beneficial for patients with a solitary kidney, multifocal tumors, or extensive surgical history.
  • This technique facilitates enhanced renoprotective measures during surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Open partial nephrectomy (OPN) remains a relevant and valuable technique in contemporary urology.
  • OPN is essential for complex cases where minimally invasive approaches may be less suitable.
  • The study reaffirms OPN's role in achieving nephron-sparing goals for localized renal cell carcinoma.