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[Clinical polymorphism of demyelinating diseases associated with MOG-antibodies]

A S Kotov1, E S Novikova1, Yu V Metkechekova1

  • 1Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|January 18, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study details three cases of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) in young patients, highlighting varied presentations and the link between MOG-antibody levels and disease severity.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Demyelinating diseases represent a significant challenge in neurology.
  • Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-antibodies) are increasingly recognized as pathogenic in certain neurological conditions.
  • Understanding the diverse clinical manifestations and prognostic factors of MOG-antibody-associated diseases is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present three distinct clinical cases of demyelinating diseases associated with MOG-antibodies.
  • To illustrate the varied neurological presentations of MOG-antibody-associated disease.
  • To emphasize the correlation between MOG-antibody titers and disease severity and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Case report analysis of three patients with demyelinating diseases.
  • Clinical assessment including neurological examination and imaging.
  • Serological testing for MOG-antibodies and aquaporin-4 antibodies.

Main Results:

  • Case 1: Young adult male with brainstem encephalitis and high MOG-antibody titer.
  • Case 2: Adolescent male with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and normal aquaporin-4 antibody titer.
  • Case 3: Female child with unilateral multifocal encephalitis, epileptic seizures, and MOG-antibodies.

Conclusions:

  • MOG-antibody-associated diseases exhibit diverse clinical phenotypes, including encephalitis and opticospinal forms.
  • MOG-antibody titers appear to correlate with disease severity and patient prognosis.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the full spectrum and management of MOGAD.
Keywords:
Devic’s diseaseMOGdemyelinating diseasesencephalitisepilepsymultiple sclerosismyelitisoptic neuritis

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