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Keratinocytes: innate immune cells in atopic dermatitis
P Chieosilapatham1, C Kiatsurayanon2, Y Umehara3
1Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|January 18, 2021
Summary
Keratinocytes, the main skin cells, act as a first defense against pathogens. In atopic dermatitis, their dysregulated immune functions contribute to disease development.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Dermatology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- The skin serves as a critical immune organ with multiple barriers against external threats.
- Keratinocytes are the primary cells of the epidermis, forming the physical barrier and initiating innate immune responses.
- Epidermal barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis permits allergen and pathogen entry, activating keratinocytes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the innate immune functions of keratinocytes in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis.
- To highlight the role of skin-derived antimicrobial peptides and atopic dermatitis-related cytokines/chemokines produced by keratinocytes.
Main Methods:
- This study is a review of existing literature.
- It synthesizes current research on keratinocyte-mediated immunity in atopic dermatitis.
Main Results:
- Keratinocytes possess innate immune functions crucial for skin defense.
- Activated keratinocytes contribute to atopic dermatitis pathogenesis through cytokine and chemokine production.
- Skin-derived antimicrobial peptides are key components of keratinocyte-mediated immunity.
Conclusions:
- Understanding keratinocyte innate immunity offers insights into atopic dermatitis pathophysiology.
- Targeting keratinocyte immune functions may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for atopic dermatitis.
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