Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Types of Toxins

Types of Toxins

Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation

Toxic Reactions: Overview

Toxic Reactions: Overview

When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...

Ecological Disturbance

Ecological Disturbance

An ecological disturbance is a temporary disruption in the environment resulting from abiotic, biotic, or anthropogenic factors, causing a pronounced change in an ecosystem. The impact of an ecological disturbance, which can depend on its intensity, frequency, and spatial distribution, plays a significant role in shaping the species diversity within the ecosystem.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio as a new multidimensional biomarker in obese patients with liver steatosis undergoing VLEKT: results from a pilot study.

Frontiers in nutrition·2026

Same author

Autotaxin and Lysophosphatidic Acid Circulating Levels Correlate with Body Mass Index in Obese Subjects with MASLD.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Same author

A Dose-Response Study on the Relationship Between Red Meat Intake and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Southern Italy: Results from the Nutrihep Study.

Nutrients·2026

Same author

Effects of a Bioactive Vegetable-Enriched Diet on Autotaxin and Liver Fibrosis in MASLD with Evidence of Sex-Specific Responses: A Pilot Study.

Nutrients·2025

Same author

Incretin-Based Adjunct to Background Insulin Treatment for Managing Body Weight Excess in Type 1 Diabetes: An Expert Opinion Viewpoint From the Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.

Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews·2025

Same author

Association Between Follistatin and PAI-1 Levels in MASLD Subjects Undergoing a Plant-Based Dietary Intervention.

Nutrients·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Published on: August 25, 2017

Bone Disruption and Environmental Pollutants.

Raffaele Giannattasio¹, Giuseppe Lisco^2,3, Vito Angelo Giagulli²

¹ASL Napoli 1 Centro, DS 29, SPS San Gennaro, Service of Endocrinology, Via San Gennaro dei Poveri 25, 80136, Naples, Italy.

Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders Drug Targets

|January 19, 2021

Summary

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can harm bone health by disrupting hormonal balance and directly affecting bone cells. More human observational studies are needed to understand EDC impacts on fracture risk and bone metabolism.

Keywords:

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals bisphenol A bone metabolism bone turnover cadmium dioxins organotins parabens perfluoroalkyl phthalates polychlorobiphenyls polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons polyfluoroalkyl

More Related Videos

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

Published on: March 29, 2018

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System

Published on: December 21, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Published on: August 25, 2017

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

Published on: March 29, 2018

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System

Published on: December 21, 2016

Area of Science:

Environmental toxicology
Endocrinology
Bone biology

Background:

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are widespread environmental pollutants.
EDCs can negatively impact bone homeostasis through hormonal imbalance, osteoblast toxicity, or enhanced osteoclast activity.
Specific EDCs linked to bone disruption include bisphenols, dioxins, PAHs, PCBs, PFAS, phthalates, parabens, organotins, and cadmium.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the mechanisms by which endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) disrupt bone metabolism.
To synthesize current knowledge on the effects of EDCs on bone health.

Main Methods:

A literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, ISI-web of knowledge, and Google Scholar.
Keywords included various classes of EDCs and terms related to bone metabolism and remodeling.

Main Results:

Many EDCs function as xeno-estrogens, interfering with the crucial role of estrogens in bone remodeling.
This hormonal imbalance can lead to detrimental effects on bone structure, mechanical properties, and non-mechanical properties.
Evidence primarily comes from in vitro and animal studies, with limited human data focusing mainly on bone mineral density.

Conclusions:

Human studies on EDCs and bone health are scarce and often overlook fracture risk.
The combined effects of mixed EDC exposures, timing of exposure, cumulative dose, and non-monotonic dose-response curves are critical factors.
Further observational human studies are necessary to fully understand the ecological impact of EDCs on bone health and to guide preservation strategies.