Physical training and exercise in myasthenia gravis

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Rehabilitation Medicine
• Exercise Physiology

Background:

• Myasthenia gravis (MG) presents with progressive muscle weakness and fatigue, leading to questions about the role of physical training.
• Previous research has not definitively established the safety and efficacy of systematic exercise programs for MG patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the existing literature on the safety and usefulness of physical training in myasthenia gravis.
• To provide evidence-based recommendations for exercise in MG management.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases using relevant keywords.
• Ten intervention studies involving 159 patients with generalized myasthenia gravis were included in the review.
• Three studies specifically focused on the effects of training on respiratory muscles.

Main Results:

• Systematic physical training demonstrated improvements in muscle strength across the majority of studies.
• Daily function and quality of life were enhanced in most patients undergoing exercise programs.
• Fatigue not directly linked to muscle weakness showed less improvement; continuous training was essential for sustained benefits.
• Physical training and exercise were found to be safe interventions for individuals with myasthenia gravis.

Conclusions:

• Physical training is a safe and effective intervention for improving muscle strength and daily function in myasthenia gravis patients.
• Individualized exercise prescription, considering type and intensity, is crucial for optimal outcomes.
• A minimum of 150 minutes of exercise per week is recommended for patients with mild to moderate myasthenia gravis.