Investigating the Relationship between Serum Levels of Interleukin-22 and Interleukin-1 Beta with Febrile Seizure

A febrile seizure is the most common type of seizure in young kids, which is not fully known. Inflammatory mediators can affect the pathogenesis of the disease. Considering the controversy about the impacts of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and the lack of a study on interleukin 22 (IL-22), the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between IL-22 and IL-1β serum levels with febrile seizure in young kids. Our case-control study has been conducted on 120 young kids aged 6-60 months with the sign of the fever. Rectal temperature was measured for allcases. Patients with febrile seizure (n=60) and patients with fever and without a seizure (n=60) were investigated as case and control groups, respectively. Serum levels of IL-22 and IL-1β were measured in all participants through the ELISA method. The serum level of IL-1β was significantly higher in the case group compared to the control group (p˂0.001), while there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of IL-22 (p=0.92). Unlike IL-1β (p≤0.021), IL-22 showed no difference between two groups according to some demographic and clinical features like gender, age group, family history of febrile seizure, family history of epilepsy, and evolutionary status (p>0.22). Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that, unlike IL-1β (p˂0.001), IL-22 does not change the chance of febrile seizure in the study groups (p=0.737). The findings of this study indicated that, unlike IL-1β, IL-22 has not any changes/effects in the febrile seizure.