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Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

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Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

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Published on: September 11, 2015

Oxygen-Releasing Scaffolds for Accelerated Bone Regeneration.

Maria Touri^1,2, Fathollah Moztarzadeh¹, Noor Azuan Abu Osman²

¹Biomaterial Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering (Center of Excellence), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 1591634311, Iran.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering

|January 19, 2021

Summary

This study shows that coating biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds with calcium peroxide (CPO) enhances bone healing by releasing oxygen. CPO-coated scaffolds significantly improved new bone formation and biomechanical strength in rabbit fracture models.

Keywords:

additive manufacturing bone oxygen-generating biomaterial regeneration scaffold tissue engineering

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Visualizing Angiogenesis by Multiphoton Microscopy In Vivo in Genetically Modified 3D-PLGA/nHAp Scaffold for Calvarial Critical Bone Defect Repair

Visualizing Angiogenesis by Multiphoton Microscopy In Vivo in Genetically Modified 3D-PLGA/nHAp Scaffold for Calvarial Critical Bone Defect Repair

Published on: September 7, 2017

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Regenerative Medicine
Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

Hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) impairs fracture healing, leading to cell death and delayed bone repair.
Addressing hypoxia by increasing oxygen supply is crucial for accelerating bone regeneration.
Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds are promising for bone tissue engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the efficacy of calcium peroxide (CPO)-coated BCP scaffolds in promoting fracture healing.
To evaluate the impact of oxygen release from CPO on bone regeneration in a rabbit model.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of BCP scaffolds using robocasting and coating with CPO particles.
Creation of 15 mm segmental radial defects in rabbits.
Implantation of uncoated and CPO-coated BCP scaffolds, with an empty control group.
Assessment of bone repair using X-ray, histology, biomechanical testing, and immunohistochemistry at 3 and 6 months.

Main Results:

CPO-coated BCP scaffolds significantly augmented new bone formation compared to uncoated scaffolds.
Histomorphometry revealed approximately double the amount of new bone with CPO-coated scaffolds.
Osteogenic markers (osteonectin, osteocalcin) were upregulated, indicating enhanced bone mineralization.
Coated scaffolds exhibited superior biomechanical properties, with higher maximal flexural force.

Conclusions:

CPO-coated BCP scaffolds effectively promote bone repair in rabbit radius defects by releasing oxygen.
This oxygen-generating coating/scaffold system holds potential for accelerating bone defect repair.
The findings support the use of CPO-coated scaffolds as a therapeutic strategy for challenging bone fractures.