Degradable and Bioadhesive Alginate-Based Composites: An Effective Hemostatic Agent

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Effective hemostasis is critical for managing severe hemorrhaging.
• Ideal hemostatic agents require rapid action, biodegradability, biocompatibility, ease of application, and affordability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and evaluate a novel degradable powdery hemostatic composite (SACC) using sodium alginate (SA), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), and collagen.
• To assess the hemostatic efficacy, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of SACC.

Main Methods:

• SACC was synthesized via emulsification and cross-linking.
• Material characterization included Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
• Hemostatic efficacy was tested using in vitro and in vivo bleeding models (rat liver injury and tail amputation).
• Cytocompatibility, biocompatibility, and biodegradability were evaluated through cytotoxicity tests, SEM, histomorphological analysis, and immunofluorescence.

Main Results:

• SACC exhibited a spherical morphology with a narrow size distribution, rough surface, and good water absorption.
• SACC demonstrated superior hemostatic actions compared to CMC and SA in both in vitro and in vivo models.
• Cytotoxicity tests and SEM confirmed excellent cytocompatibility.
• Histomorphological evaluation indicated superior biocompatibility during wound healing.
• In vitro and in vivo immunofluorescence confirmed the biodegradability of SACC.

Conclusions:

• The synthesized SACC composite possesses excellent hemostatic activity.
• SACC exhibits favorable biodegradability and biocompatibility properties.
• SACC shows significant potential for clinical applications in hemostasis.