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Updated: Nov 20, 2025
A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies
Published on: April 12, 2017
Response to systemic therapy in locally advanced and metastatic renal cell carcinoma: can it be predicted?
Javier González1, Jeffrey J Gaynor2, Gaetano Ciancio3
1Servicio De Urología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Introduction:
: Renal cell carcinoma is no longer considered a monolithic disease, but a group of different entities exhibiting unique molecular alterations requiring a tailored systemic approach. One of the remaining challenges is the identification of the best candidate for a particular therapeutic regimen.
Areas Covered:
: Current literature regarding the recent advances and treatment options in systemic therapy for metastatic RCC, and issues pertaining to the available biomarkers tested to date for a correct treatment stratification.
Expert Opinion:
: Underlying biology of RCC will still drive the development of new treatment agents/combinations that will be tested in earlier stages of the disease, and probably prove to have a role in the neoadjuvant/adjuvant settings. The correct characterization of the tumor microenvironment through transcriptomic analysis should help to overcome the issues related to tumor heterogeneity. Preclinical ex-vivo models will enlarge our current knowledge regarding the potential immune-escape mechanisms exhibited by RCC, and facilitate a better monitoring of the response to therapy. New tracers, image modalities, and tests aimed at detecting and analyzing tumor-circulating cells will improve our clinical performance through a better identification of the metastatic site locations and their variable histologic patterns, and ultimately their behavior in response to treatment.
Insights
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a complex disease requiring personalized treatment. Identifying the best therapy for each patient remains a challenge, necessitating advances in biomarker and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Translational Medicine
Background:
- Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is recognized as a heterogeneous disease with distinct molecular profiles.
- Tailored systemic therapies are crucial for managing metastatic RCC.
- Selecting optimal treatment strategies for individual patients presents an ongoing clinical challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in systemic therapy for metastatic RCC.
- To discuss challenges and progress in biomarker-driven treatment stratification.
- To explore future directions in understanding RCC biology and treatment response.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current advances in systemic therapy for metastatic RCC.
- Analysis of biomarkers for treatment stratification.
- Discussion of emerging preclinical and clinical research relevant to RCC.
Main Results:
- Metastatic RCC is a diverse group of diseases requiring individualized treatment.
- Biomarker development is critical for effective treatment selection.
- Ongoing research focuses on tumor microenvironment, preclinical models, and advanced imaging for better patient management.
Conclusions:
- Future RCC treatment will be driven by underlying biology, with potential applications in earlier disease stages.
- Transcriptomic analysis of the tumor microenvironment may address heterogeneity.
- Advanced preclinical models and imaging techniques promise improved monitoring and treatment response prediction.
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