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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Hybrid PET/MRI Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Based on 18F-AV-1451

Hybrid PET/MRI Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Based on ¹⁸F-AV-1451

Published on: April 18, 2025

Molecular Imaging Approaches in Dementia.

Victor L Villemagne¹, Frederik Barkhof¹, Valentina Garibotto¹

¹From the Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa (V.L.V.); Department of Medicine, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (V.L.V.); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B., B.N.M.v.B.); UCL institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, England (F.B.); Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospitals and Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Innovative Molecular Tracers, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland (V.G.); Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif (S.M.L.); Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.); and Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.N.).

|January 19, 2021

Summary

Molecular imaging with novel PET tracers can detect dementia biomarkers like amyloid and tau decades before symptoms appear, aiding early diagnosis and research. This technology is crucial for understanding and managing neurodegenerative diseases.

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Published on: March 7, 2019

Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Molecular Imaging

Background:

Dementia prevalence is rising globally, necessitating early diagnosis.
Current structural imaging has limitations in early and specific dementia detection.
Pathologic processes in dementia often begin decades before clinical symptoms manifest.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the diagnostic and prognostic value of established and emerging PET tracers for dementia.
To highlight the role of molecular imaging in early detection of neurodegenerative diseases.
To discuss the application of PET tracers in Alzheimer disease clinical trials.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) tracers.
Focus on tracers detecting amyloid, tau, dopamine depletion, neuroinflammation, and synaptic density.
Analysis of tracers' utility in diagnostic settings and research.

Main Results:

PET/SPECT imaging can visualize molecular pathology (amyloid, tau, dopamine depletion) decades before symptom onset.
Novel tracers are advancing the understanding of neuroinflammation and synaptic changes.
Established tracers aid in diagnosing Alzheimer disease and parkinsonian disorders.

Conclusions:

PET/SPECT imaging with novel tracers offers significant potential for early dementia diagnosis.
These molecular imaging techniques are valuable prognostic markers in research.
PET tracers are increasingly important as outcome measures in Alzheimer disease clinical trials.