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Published on: November 5, 2021
Viral pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and male reproductive health
Shubhadeep Roychoudhury1, Anandan Das1, Niraj Kumar Jha2
1Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India.
Abstract:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a new public health crisis, threatening almost all aspects of human life. Originating in bats, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is transmitted to humans through unknown intermediate hosts, where it is primarily known to cause pneumonia-like complications in the respiratory system. Organ-to-organ transmission has not been ruled out, thereby raising the possibility of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on multiple organ systems. The male reproductive system has been hypothesized to be a potential target of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is supported by some preliminary evidence. This may pose a global threat to male fertility potential, as men are more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection than women, especially those of reproductive age. Preliminary reports have also indicated the possibility of sexual transmission of SARS-CoV-2. It may cause severe complications in infected couples. This review focuses on the pathophysiology of potential SARS-CoV-2 infection in the reproductive organs of males along with their invasion mechanisms. The risks of COVID-19 on male fertility as well as the differences in vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with females have also been highlighted.
Insights
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may impact the male reproductive system, potentially threatening fertility. This review explores COVID-19
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Medicine
- Virology
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents a global health crisis.
- While primarily affecting the respiratory system, SARS-CoV-2 may target other organs, including the male reproductive system.
- Men, particularly of reproductive age, exhibit higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the potential pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection in male reproductive organs.
- To examine the invasion mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in the male reproductive tract.
- To highlight the risks of COVID-19 to male fertility and compare sex-based vulnerability.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on SARS-CoV-2 and male reproductive health.
- Analysis of preliminary evidence regarding organ-to-organ transmission.
- Synthesis of data on sexual transmission and its implications.
Main Results:
- Preliminary evidence suggests the male reproductive system is a potential target for SARS-CoV-2.
- SARS-CoV-2 infection may pose a threat to male fertility potential.
- Differences in vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 infection between males and females are noted.
Conclusions:
- SARS-CoV-2 infection warrants further investigation for its effects on male reproductive health and fertility.
- Understanding invasion mechanisms is crucial for managing potential complications in infected couples.
- The heightened risk in males necessitates focused research on reproductive health outcomes post-COVID-19.
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