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The relational genomics of cognitive function: A longitudinal study.

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One partner's genetic predisposition for education influenced their spouse's cognitive function. This study explored these "metagenomic" effects in older U.S. couples, revealing genetic externalities in relationships.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Genetics
  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Genetic influences on individual outcomes are established.
  • The impact of one person's genome on their partner's cognitive function is largely unexplored.
  • Social genetics research suggests genetic predispositions can affect individuals in close relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate
  • metagenomic
  • patterns in older U.S. couples.
  • To examine if one partner's genetic scores for cognition or educational attainment predict the other partner's cognitive function.
  • To test if relational factors moderate genetic influences on cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from married or cohabiting couples (aged 50+) from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2016).
  • Assessed cognitive function and calculated polygenic scores for cognition and educational attainment for each individual.
  • Employed parallel process latent growth models to analyze the associations between partners' genetic scores and cognitive function.

Main Results:

  • One partner's polygenic score for educational attainment was significantly associated with the other partner's baseline cognitive function.
  • Contrary to hypotheses, neither partner's genetic scores nor educational attainment moderated individual-level genetic influences on cognition.
  • Evidence supports the concept of
  • genetic externalities
  • where one's genes impact a relational partner.

Conclusions:

  • Findings highlight the significant role of transpersonal genetic influences within close relationships.
  • Suggests genetic predispositions can have broader implications beyond the individual.
  • Further research is recommended on how non-partnership social ties mediate these genetic effects and their implications for life course theory.