[Management of dyslipidaemias: The New 2019 ESC/EAS-Guideline]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Preventive Medicine
• Lipidology

Background:

• Updated guidelines for dyslipidemia management in 2019.
• Focus on individualized, risk-based intervention strategies.
• Intensified low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline updated recommendations for dyslipidemia management.
• To improve cardiovascular risk stratification and stratification.
• To define stricter LDL-C targets for high-risk patients.

Main Methods:

• Incorporation of non-invasive imaging techniques (coronary CT, carotid/femoral ultrasound) alongside the SCORE system.
• Screening for lipoprotein(a) to identify individuals at higher cardiovascular risk.
• Review of non-statin trials (ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors) for cardiovascular event risk reduction.

Main Results:

• Stricter LDL-C goals, with a target of <1.4 mmol/l (<55 mg/dl) and ≥50% reduction from baseline for very high-risk patients.
• Demonstrated further relative risk reduction for cardiovascular events with ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors.
• Cardiovascular risk reduction is dependent on absolute LDL-C lowering, therapy duration, and individual risk.

Conclusions:

• The guidelines advocate for intensified LDL-C lowering, especially in high-risk individuals.
• Advanced imaging and genetic screening (lipoprotein(a)) enhance cardiovascular risk assessment.
• The ultimate goal is to minimize "cholesterol life years" through effective lipid management.