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Computer Numerical Control Micromilling of a Microfluidic Acrylic Device with a Staggered Restriction for Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Immunoassays

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Micromachining of Polyurethane Membranes for Tissue Engineering Applications.

Ayesha Arefin^1,2, Quinn Mcculloch^1,3, Ricardo Martinez³

¹Nanoscience and Microsystems Department, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1120, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering

|January 20, 2021

Summary

Femtosecond laser machining rapidly fabricates thin, microporous membranes for tissue engineering. This technique creates reproducible pores, enabling advanced air-liquid interface cell cultures for toxicology and disease research.

Keywords:

air−liquid interface femtosecond laser machining micropore generation thin polyurethane membrane

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Last Updated: Nov 20, 2025

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Capillary Force Lithography for Cardiac Tissue Engineering

Capillary Force Lithography for Cardiac Tissue Engineering

Published on: June 10, 2014

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Engineering
Tissue Engineering
Toxicology

Background:

Engineered tissue barrier models are crucial for in vitro toxicology and disease research.
Existing membranes lack physiological stiffness and reproducible pore production methods.
A need exists for optimized membranes mimicking the basement membrane microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation for rapid, reproducible micropore fabrication in membranes.
To optimize laser parameters for creating specific pore sizes and density.
To demonstrate the utility of these membranes in air-liquid interface (ALI) tissue culture models.

Main Methods:

Utilized femtosecond (fs) laser pulses for high-precision, cold-ablation of polymeric membranes.
Optimized laser parameters on polyurethane membranes to achieve 5 μm average pore diameter.
Cultured tissue on fabricated membranes at air-liquid interface (ALI) for 28 days.

Main Results:

Achieved automated, high-throughput, and reproducible fabrication of thin, microporous membranes.
Demonstrated successful tissue culture and barrier formation on the ALI platform for 28 days.
Confirmed the viability of fs laser machining for creating porous substrates.

Conclusions:

Femtosecond laser machining is a viable method for producing high-quality porous membranes for tissue engineering.
This technique enables the creation of advanced in vitro tissue barrier models.
The developed membranes support long-term cell culture and mimic physiological microenvironments.