Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Constraints and Statical Determinacy01:26

Constraints and Statical Determinacy

833
In structural engineering, the equilibrium of a system is not only determined by its equations of equilibrium but also with the help of constraints. Constraints refer to restrictions on the motion of a system. The proper combinations of constraints can minimize the total number of constraints needed to maintain a system in mechanical equilibrium. When this happens, the system is said to be statically determinate. For such systems, the unknown reaction supports can be estimated using equilibrium...
833
Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles01:29

Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles

5.0K
The period of muscle contraction primarily influences the duration of stimulation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the presence of free calcium ions in the sarcoplasm, and the availability of energy or ATP to support contractions.
When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane. This depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open....
5.0K
Limit Laws I01:25

Limit Laws I

63
Limit laws provide essential tools for analyzing how functions behave as their input approaches a specific value. These laws are particularly useful when dealing with combinations of functions, provided the individual limits exist. The Sum and Difference Laws state that the limit of the sum or difference of two functions equals the sum or difference of their respective limits:The Product Law asserts that the limit of the product of two functions equals the product of their individual limits:A...
63
Types of Limits II01:24

Types of Limits II

54
When observing how a curve behaves near a specific point along the horizontal axis, there are cases where the curve’s height increases or decreases without limit as the position draws closer to that point. The curve does not settle at any particular value; instead, the values grow more extreme—upward or downward—the nearer they get. No defined value exists exactly at that location, yet the surrounding behavior becomes more dramatic, indicating a sharp change in direction.The...
54
Limits with Oscillating Discontinuities01:19

Limits with Oscillating Discontinuities

85
An oscillating discontinuity is a type of discontinuity in which a function’s values fluctuate infinitely often as the input approaches a particular point. Unlike jump discontinuities, where the function suddenly shifts between two values, or infinite discontinuities, where the function diverges without bound, an oscillating discontinuity arises from rapid back-and-forth variation. Because the function never stabilizes toward a single value, no finite limit exists at that point.One of the...
85
Limit Laws II01:26

Limit Laws II

78
In calculus, limit laws serve as foundational tools for evaluating the behavior of functions as inputs approach specific values. Among these, the laws concerning quotients, powers, and roots are particularly useful in breaking down complex expressions.The Quotient Law allows the limit of a division between two functions to be calculated by dividing their individual limits, provided the limit of the denominator exists and is not zero. For example,The Power Law states that the limit of a function...
78

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Combinatorial Design of Floppy Modes and Frustrated Loops in Metamaterials.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Emergent disorder and mechanical memory in periodic metamaterials.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Bloch oscillations, Landau-Zener transition, and topological phase evolution in an array of coupled pendula.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024
Same author

Many-body interactions between contracting living cells.

The European physical journal. E, Soft matter·2024
Same author

Percolation in Networks of Liquid Diodes.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2023
Same author

Introduction to force transmission by nonlinear biomaterials.

Soft matter·2021
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing CCM System
10:09

Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing CCM System

Published on: October 1, 2019

6.9K

Constraint relaxation leads to jamming.

Eial Teomy1, Yair Shokef1,2

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.

Physical Review. E
|January 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding transitions to out-of-equilibrium systems can unexpectedly decrease or eliminate activity. This counterintuitive phenomenon occurs when new transitions lead to less active states, impacting the system's overall dynamics and phase transitions.

More Related Videos

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

8.8K
Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling
06:55

Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling

Published on: August 5, 2016

8.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing CCM System
10:09

Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing CCM System

Published on: October 1, 2019

6.9K
Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

8.8K
Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling
06:55

Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling

Published on: August 5, 2016

8.4K

Area of Science:

  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Non-equilibrium Physics
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Equilibrium systems typically show increased activity with added transitions.
  • Out-of-equilibrium systems present unique challenges to predicting dynamic behavior.
  • Understanding activity in non-equilibrium systems is crucial for various fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of adding transitions on the activity of out-of-equilibrium systems.
  • To demonstrate how adding transitions can reduce or eliminate system activity.
  • To explore the impact on absorbing state phase transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of six related kinetically constrained lattice gas models.
  • Numerical simulations to observe system dynamics.
  • Development of a semi-mean-field approximation for theoretical description.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that adding transitions to out-of-equilibrium systems can decrease activity.
  • Observed cases where activity vanished due to transitions into less active states.
  • Found that added transitions influence absorbing state phase transitions.
  • Semi-mean-field approximation qualitatively matched simulation results.

Conclusions:

  • The intuitive expectation of increased activity with added transitions does not hold for all out-of-equilibrium systems.
  • The introduction of specific transitions can lead to non-intuitive reductions in system activity.
  • Kinetically constrained models provide valuable insights into complex non-equilibrium dynamics.