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Hazelnut Allergy.

Elisabetta Calamelli1, Alessia Trozzo2, Elisabetta Di Blasi2

  • 1Pediatric and Neonatology Unit, Imola Hospital, 40026 Imola, Italy.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hazelnut allergy diagnosis and management are crucial for patient safety. Component-resolved diagnosis and oral food challenges help identify allergy severity, guiding treatment and dietary choices.

Keywords:
Cor a 14Cor a 9component resolved diagnosishazelnut allergylipid transfer proteinoral allergen immunotherapypollen food syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Food Allergy
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Practice

Background:

  • Hazelnut allergy is common in Europe, causing reactions from mild oral allergy syndrome to severe systemic events.
  • Reactions stem from cross-reactivity with pollen or primary sensitization to stable hazelnut proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on hazelnut allergy.
  • To provide a practical clinical approach for diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of PubMed (2000-2020) using terms 'component resolved diagnosis' and 'Hazelnut allergy'.
  • Review of clinical presentations, diagnostic tools, and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Cor a 9 and Cor a 14 are specific markers for severe hazelnut allergy.
  • Cor a 1 is associated with oral allergy syndrome (OAS) due to cross-reactivity.
  • Oral food challenge remains the gold standard for diagnosis; no definitive cure exists.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis requires clinical history, in vivo/in vitro tests, component-resolved diagnosis, and oral food challenges.
  • Component-resolved diagnosis aids in assessing severe reaction risk.
  • Oral allergen immunotherapy shows promise; defining thresholds can improve quality of life.