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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Stem Cell Niche01:26

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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Updated: Nov 20, 2025

An Enzyme- and Serum-free Neural Stem Cell Culture Model for EMT Investigation Suited for Drug Discovery
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Neural stemness contributes to cell tumorigenicity.

Liyang Xu1, Min Zhang1, Lihua Shi1

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, and Model Animal Research Center of the Medical School, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tech Zone, Nanjing, 210061, China.

Cell & Bioscience
|January 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neural stemness, the property of neural stem/progenitor cells, drives cell tumorigenicity. This suggests cancer arises from a reversion to an evolutionarily advantageous neural ground state.

Keywords:
Differentiation potentialEvo-devoNeural ground stateNeural stem/progenitor cellNeural stemnessTumor-initiating cellTumorigenesisTumorigenicity

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Cancer's dependence on nerves is known.
  • Cancer cells share properties with neural stem/progenitor cells.
  • The link between neural stemness and tumorigenicity is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between neural stemness and cell tumorigenicity.
  • To determine if neural stemness is a source of tumor-forming potential.

Main Methods:

  • Transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells into immunodeficient mice.
  • Assessment of cancer cell neurosphere formation and differentiation potential.
  • Genetic manipulation of myoblasts to alter neural stemness and tumorigenicity.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of neural and non-neural gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Neural stem/progenitor cells, unlike other stem cells, exhibit tumorigenicity and multi-germ layer differentiation potential in vivo.
  • Cancer cells possess neural stemness properties, including neurosphere formation and differentiation potential.
  • Loss of differentiation factors in myoblasts induced neural stemness and tumorigenicity; loss of neural stemness reduced tumorigenicity.
  • Neural genes correlate with embryonic development and cancer, unlike non-neural genes.

Conclusions:

  • Neural stemness is identified as the source of cell tumorigenicity.
  • Tumorigenesis may represent a reversion to an evolutionarily conserved neural ground state.
  • Tumor phenotypic heterogeneity could stem from the differentiation potential inherent in neural stemness.