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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
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Identifying Clinical Behaviors Using the Motor Learning Classification Framework: A Pilot Study.

Rosanne Russell1, Patricia McCabe1, Rob Heard2

  • 1Discipline of Speech Pathology, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|January 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Experienced speech-language pathologists (SLPs) use more problem-solving and perceptual training behaviors than students in voice therapy. The Motor Learning Classification Framework (MLCF) reliably differentiates these prepractice behaviors.

Keywords:
Clinical experience—Prepractice—Principles of motor learning—Voice therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Speech-language pathology
  • Motor learning
  • Clinical education

Background:

  • Differences in clinical interactions between students and experienced clinicians are known.
  • Therapeutic training behaviors, particularly concerning motor learning principles, remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical behaviors of speech-language pathology (SLP) students and experienced SLPs during a voice therapy task.
  • To utilize prepractice variables from the Motor Learning Classification Framework (MLCF) for this comparison.

Main Methods:

  • A quasi-experimental design involved five undergraduate SLP students and four experienced SLPs.
  • Participants taught a standardized patient to produce a vocal siren.
  • Two trained raters categorized clinician behaviors using the MLCF, demonstrating high interrater and intrarater reliability.

Main Results:

  • Both groups used similar percentages of verbal information behaviors but differed in subtypes.
  • Experienced clinicians employed problem-solving behaviors and perceptual training sequences, which students did not.
  • Clinicians predominantly used talking behaviors over doing behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • The MLCF is a reliable tool for analyzing prepractice behaviors in voice therapy.
  • Experienced clinicians exhibit more advanced training behaviors (problem-solving, perceptual training) than students.
  • Findings suggest implications for enhancing SLP student training and warrant further research into the impact of talking vs. doing behaviors on client practice and treatment outcomes.