Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 20, 2025
04:53
A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
Published on: September 20, 2019
11.0K
Economic evaluations in paediatric dentistry clinical trials
Helen Jessica Rogers1, Raiza Dias Freitas2, Morgan James Beeson3
1School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry
|January 20, 2021
Summary
Economic evaluations assess healthcare program cost-effectiveness, guiding resource allocation. This paper details their principles, application alongside clinical trials, and challenges in pediatric oral health research.
Area of Science:
- Health Economics
- Public Health Policy
- Pediatric Dentistry
Background:
- Economic evaluations are crucial for determining the cost-effectiveness of healthcare interventions.
- Informed decisions regarding healthcare funding and resource allocation rely on these evaluations.
- Understanding these principles is vital for advancing healthcare research and practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the fundamental principles of economic evaluation in healthcare.
- To explain how economic evaluations can be integrated with clinical trials.
- To discuss the application and challenges of economic evaluations in children's oral health.
Main Methods:
- Review of economic evaluation principles.
- Description of methodologies for conducting economic evaluations alongside clinical trials.
- Exploration of evidence utilization and research challenges.
Main Results:
- Economic evaluations provide a framework for assessing the value of healthcare programs.
- Integration with clinical trials allows for robust cost-effectiveness data.
- Specific challenges exist in applying these methods to pediatric oral health.
Conclusions:
- Economic evaluations are essential tools for healthcare decision-making.
- Methodological guidance is provided for conducting evaluations with clinical trials.
- Addressing challenges in pediatric oral health economic evaluations is necessary for evidence-based practice.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Clinical Trials
10.0K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
10.0K
01:11Clinical Trials: Overview
4.3K
Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
4.3K
01:23Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
266
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
266
01:26Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion
108
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
108
01:24Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism
89
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
89
01:29Drug Dosing: Infants and Children
105
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
105