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Cell-type-specific nicotinic input disinhibits mouse barrel cortex during active sensing.

Célia Gasselin1, Benoît Hohl1, Arthur Vernet1

  • 1Laboratory of Sensory Processing, Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

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|January 20, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acetylcholine acting on nicotinic receptors excites specific GABAergic neurons in the somatosensory cortex. This leads to disinhibition, crucial for processing sensory information during active sensing.

Keywords:
GABAergic inhibitionacetylcholinedisinhibitionmembrane potentialneocortexnicotinic receptorsoptogeneticstwo-photon microscopywhisker sensorimotor processingwhole-cell recording

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Synaptic Transmission
  • Sensory Processing

Background:

  • Fast synaptic transmission relies on ionotropic receptors activated by neurotransmitters like glutamate and GABA.
  • The neocortex expresses various ionotropic receptors, including nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are non-selective cation channels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of non-glutamatergic excitation in the neocortex.
  • To understand the role of nicotinic receptors in neocortical circuits during active sensorimotor processing.

Main Methods:

  • Two-photon microscopy for targeted whole-cell recordings in layer 2/3 of the primary somatosensory barrel cortex in awake mice.
  • Pharmacological and optogenetic manipulations were employed to study neuronal function.

Main Results:

  • A significant nicotinic input was identified that selectively depolarizes vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing GABAergic neurons.
  • This activation resulted in disinhibition within the somatosensory cortex during active sensorimotor processing.

Conclusions:

  • Nicotinic receptor activation contributes to disinhibition in the somatosensory cortex.
  • Nicotinic disinhibition may play a key role in integrating top-down and motor signals for tactile perception and learning.