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Updated: Nov 20, 2025
Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
Published on: March 20, 2020
Targeted Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Joanna A Young1, Antoinette R Tan
1From the Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC.
Abstract:
Triple-negative breast cancer is increasingly recognized as a heterogeneous entity that can be categorized according to histologic, molecular, and clinical subtypes. While chemotherapy remains the backbone of treatment for this disease, there are now several available targeted agents including immunotherapy, poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, and most recently a Food and Drug Administration-approved antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan-hziy as a third-line treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. We review several actionable targets for triple-negative breast cancer and describe promising nonimmunotherapeutic agents including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, androgen receptor inhibitors, mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors, phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors, AKT (also known as protein kinase B) inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates.
Insights
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a complex disease with diverse subtypes. Recent advances offer targeted therapies beyond chemotherapy, including novel antibody-drug conjugates and inhibitors targeting specific molecular pathways.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Medical Research
Background:
- Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is recognized for its heterogeneity, encompassing various histologic, molecular, and clinical subtypes.
- Chemotherapy is the standard treatment, but limitations exist for managing this complex disease.
- Emerging targeted therapies are expanding treatment options for metastatic TNBC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review actionable molecular targets in triple-negative breast cancer.
- To discuss promising non-immunotherapeutic targeted agents for TNBC treatment.
- To highlight recent advancements in TNBC therapeutic strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current research on TNBC subtypes and targeted therapies.
- Analysis of available and investigational non-immunotherapeutic agents.
- Examination of FDA-approved treatments like sacituzumab govitecan-hziy.
Main Results:
- TNBC exhibits significant heterogeneity, necessitating subtype-specific treatment approaches.
- Targeted agents, including immunotherapy and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, are now available.
- Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy represents a significant advancement as a third-line treatment for metastatic TNBC.
Conclusions:
- Targeted therapies are revolutionizing TNBC treatment paradigms.
- Inhibitors targeting cyclin-dependent kinases, androgen receptors, and signaling pathways (MAPK, PI3K, AKT) show promise.
- Antibody-drug conjugates are a key area of development for advanced TNBC.
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