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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice.

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Analysis Protocol for Renal Sodium (²³Na) MR Imaging.

James T Grist¹, Esben Søvsø Szocska Hansen², Frank G Zöllner³

¹Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|January 21, 2021

Summary

Sodium (23Na) MRI signal quantification is achievable through external calibration. This protocol details converting signal to concentration, analyzing renal sodium gradients, and performing relaxation analysis for reproducible MRI biomarkers.

Keywords:

23Na Kidney Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Rats Sodium

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Biomarkers
Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background:

Sodium (23Na) MR imaging signal intensity correlates with sodium concentration.
External calibration phantoms enable conversion between signal and concentration.
Renal MRI biomarker analysis requires standardized protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the conversion process between sodium signal and concentration in renal MRI.
To detail the estimation of the corticomedullary sodium gradient.
To outline the procedure for quadrupolar relaxation analysis in renal sodium MRI.

Main Methods:

Utilizing external calibration phantoms for sodium signal to concentration conversion.
Employing readily available software for postprocessing and analysis of sodium renal images.
Implementing a specific protocol for quadrupolar relaxation analysis.

Main Results:

Established a method for converting sodium MR signal to concentration.
Successfully estimated the corticomedullary sodium gradient.
Developed a procedure for quadrupolar relaxation analysis.

Conclusions:

Sodium (23Na) MR imaging allows for quantitative analysis of renal sodium concentration.
The described methods facilitate reproducible and standardized renal MRI biomarker analysis.
This protocol supports the goals of the COST Action PARENCHIMA initiative for improving renal MRI.