UAV Swarms Behavior Modeling Using Tracking Bigraphical Reactive Systems

Recently, there has been a fairly rapid increase in interest in the use of UAV swarms both in civilian and military operations. This is mainly due to relatively low cost, greater flexibility, and increasing efficiency of swarms themselves. However, in order to efficiently operate a swarm of UAVs, it is necessary to address the various autonomous behaviors of its constituent elements, to achieve cooperation and suitability to complex scenarios. In order to do so, a novel method for modeling UAV swarm missions and determining behavior for the swarm elements was developed. The proposed method is based on bigraphs with tracking for modeling different tasks and agents activities related to the UAV swarm mission. The key finding of the study is the algorithm for determining all possible behavior policies for swarm elements achieving the objective of the mission within certain assumptions. The design method is scalable, highly automated, and problem-agnostic, which allows to incorporate it in solving different kinds of swarm tasks. Additionally, it separates the mission modeling stage from behavior determining thus allowing new algorithms to be used in the future. Two simulation case studies are presented to demonstrate how the design process deals with typical aspects of a UAV swarm mission.