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Pathophysiological Basis for Nutraceutical Supplementation in Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Review
Vincenzo Mollace1, Giuseppe M C Rosano2,3, Stefan D Anker4
1Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Nutrients
|January 22, 2021
Summary
Optimal nutraceutical supplementation may protect the failing myocardium in early heart failure (HF). This review explores natural compounds like CoQ10 and antioxidants to address unmet needs in HF management.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology and Nutraceutical Science
Background:
- Heart failure (HF) affects 1-2% globally, with comorbidities increasing prevalence, hospitalization, and mortality.
- Despite advances, early-stage myocardial dysfunction strategies remain limited.
- Nutritional support and nutraceuticals show potential for myocardial protection in HF.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess optimal nutraceutical supplementation for early-stage heart failure (HF).
- To counteract pathophysiological pathways imbalanced in failing myocardium.
- To review natural compounds for cardiomyocyte protection in HF.
Main Methods:
- Reviewed early-stage myocardial dysfunction pathophysiology and molecular changes.
- Examined mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticulum stress, nitric oxide (NO) deficiency, impaired cardiac stem cell mobilization, and metalloproteinase dysregulation.
- Assessed potential nutraceuticals including CoQ10, grape seed extract, Olea Europea antioxidants, SGLT2 inhibitor-rich apple extract, and bergamot polyphenolic fraction.
Main Results:
- Identified key molecular targets in early myocardial dysfunction.
- Highlighted several natural compounds with potential cardioprotective effects.
- Emphasized the need for further clinical trials to confirm efficacy and safety.
Conclusions:
- Nutraceutical supplementation offers a promising avenue for managing early heart failure.
- Targeting specific pathways with natural compounds may support cardiomyocyte protection.
- Further clinical validation is crucial for integrating nutraceuticals into HF treatment strategies.
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