Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gas Chromatography: Sample Injection Systems01:08

Gas Chromatography: Sample Injection Systems

1.0K
In gas chromatography, the sample is introduced as a vapor plug into the carrier gas stream for high efficiency and resolution. A microsyringe injects the sample solution into a heated sample port, vaporizing it and mixing it with the carrier gas. This process is important to ensure the sample is properly prepared for analysis. Thermally sensitive samples can be injected directly into the column and volatilized by slowly increasing the column temperature.
Two primary injection methods are used...
1.0K
Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)01:14

Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)

5.7K
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is the combination of analytical techniques of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in a single instrument for analyzing a mixture of compounds. The gas chromatograph separates the compounds in the mixture, and the mass spectrometer analyzes each compound separately to determine the molecular masses and molecular structures.
A gas chromatograph consists of a long, narrow capillary column with a polysiloxane coating on the inner wall....
5.7K
Gas Chromatography: Overview of Detectors01:13

Gas Chromatography: Overview of Detectors

1.4K
Detectors in gas chromatography (GC) help identify and quantify the components of a mixture by translating chemical properties into measurable signals, which are displayed on a chromatogram. Detectors can be categorized into two main types: destructive and non-destructive.
A non-destructive detector allows a sample to be analyzed without altering or consuming it, meaning the sample can be collected after detection for further analysis. Examples include thermal conductivity detectors and...
1.4K
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

2.5K
High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
2.5K
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

833
In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
833
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I01:21

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I

1.0K
There are different types of detectors used in gas chromatography, each with its own specific properties that make it suitable for detecting certain types of analytes. The most commonly used detectors in GC are thermal conductivity detector (TCD), flame ionization detector (FID), and electron capture detector (ECD).
TCD is the earliest and most widely used detector that operates by measuring the changes in the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas. When a sample compound enters the detector,...
1.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Monolithic integration of Knudsen pumps to form a complete, self-sufficient fluidic system for microscale gas chromatography.

Microsystems & nanoengineering·2025
Same author

An enhanced-performance multisensing progressive cellular μGC: design advances and blind test results.

Microsystems & nanoengineering·2025
Same author

Assessing the quality of cause-of-death reporting before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

American journal of epidemiology·2024
Same author

SiN<sub>x</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub>-Based Fabry-Perot Interferometer on Sapphire for Near-UV Optical Gas Sensing of Formaldehyde in Air.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Control Software Design for a Multisensing Multicellular Microscale Gas Chromatography System.

Micromachines·2024
Same author

Passive Wireless Pressure Gradient Measurement System for Fluid Flow Analysis.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays
18:11

Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays

Published on: October 1, 2007

21.5K

A Microvalve Module with High Chemical Inertness and Embedded Flow Heating for Microscale Gas Chromatography.

Hsueh-Tsung Lu1,2, Yutao Qin1,3, Yogesh Gianchandani1,2,3

  • 1Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a compact, chemically inert multi-valve module with integrated heating for microscale gas chromatography (µGC) systems. The novel design ensures minimal peak distortion for precise volatile organic compound analysis.

Keywords:
chemical warfare agentsorganophosphorus compoundsphosphonatessolenoidvolatile organic compounds

More Related Videos

Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells
08:16

Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells

Published on: October 2, 2016

9.8K
Temperature-programmed Deoxygenation of Acetic Acid on Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts
08:15

Temperature-programmed Deoxygenation of Acetic Acid on Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts

Published on: February 7, 2017

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays
18:11

Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays

Published on: October 1, 2007

21.5K
Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells
08:16

Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells

Published on: October 2, 2016

9.8K
Temperature-programmed Deoxygenation of Acetic Acid on Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts
08:15

Temperature-programmed Deoxygenation of Acetic Acid on Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts

Published on: February 7, 2017

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Microscale gas chromatography (µGC) systems require compact and chemically inert components for efficient volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis.
  • Existing valve technologies often present limitations in terms of size, chemical compatibility, and integration complexity for µGC applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel multi-valve module with high chemical inertness and embedded flow heating specifically for µGC systems.
  • To demonstrate the suitability of the microfabricated module for analyzing a range of VOCs with minimal chromatographic interference.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a monolithic die stack using fused silica wafers and polyimide membranes for enhanced chemical inertness.
  • Integration of three solenoid-actuated valves, microfluidic channels, heaters, and thermistors within a compact 30.2 cm³ module.
  • Performance evaluation through comparative analysis with a commercial valve using diverse VOCs (alkanes, alcohols, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, phosphonates).

Main Results:

  • The fabricated multi-valve module exhibited high chemical inertness and negligible chromatographic peak distortion.
  • Achieved a flow conductance ratio of 3.46 × 10³, with 4.15 sccm/kPa in the open state and 0.0012 sccm/kPa in the closed state.
  • Demonstrated a rapid response time of less than 120 ms, suitable for fast chromatographic separations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multi-valve module offers a significant advancement for µGC systems due to its compact size, chemical inertness, and integrated heating.
  • The module's performance validates its potential for precise and efficient analysis of various volatile organic compounds in microscale analytical devices.