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Wave-Particle Duality Relation with a Quantum Which-Path Detector.

Dongyang Wang1, Junjie Wu1, Jiangfang Ding1

  • 1Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing, College of Computer Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The quantum duality relation, linking wave and particle properties, is extended to quantum coherence. This study confirms the relation holds even with quantum superposition, revealing how partial quantum path detection influences observed properties.

Keywords:
path distinguishabilitypolarization- entangled photonsquantum coherencewave-particle duality

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Optics
  • Foundations of Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • The wave-particle duality relation traditionally limits extractable information from wave (interference visibility, V) and particle (path distinguishability, D) properties.
  • Quantum superposition, induced by quantum beam splitters, can violate this established duality relation.
  • Quantum coherence (C), measured by the l1-norm, is a recent candidate for quantifying wave properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the generalized duality relation incorporating quantum coherence (C) as the wave property.
  • To examine the impact of quantum superposition on this extended duality relation.
  • To experimentally verify the theoretical findings using entangled photons.

Main Methods:

  • Proposal of an interferometer incorporating a quantum which-path detector (QWPD).
  • Theoretical analysis of the generalized duality relation based on quantum coherence (C) and path information.
  • Experimental verification using polarization-entangled photons in a two-path interferometer.

Main Results:

  • The generalized duality relation, based on quantum coherence and path information, holds even under quantum superposition.
  • Partial presence of the QWPD system leads to the observation of full-particle properties due to interference.
  • The study demonstrates the interplay between quantum superposition and the duality relation.

Conclusions:

  • This work extends the duality relation to quantum coherence, providing a quantum perspective on wave-particle complementarity.
  • Quantum superposition significantly influences the manifestation of wave-particle duality.
  • Experimental validation confirms the theoretical predictions, deepening our understanding of quantum information principles.