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Humanitarian need drives multilateral disaster aid
Lisa M Dellmuth1, Frida A-M Bender2, Aiden R Jönsson2
1Department of Economic History and International Relations, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; lisa.dellmuth@su.se.
Summary
Climate change fuels extreme weather, increasing disaster relief needs. United Nations (UN) disaster aid is driven by humanitarian needs, not strategic interests, ensuring aid reaches those most affected.
Area of Science:
- Climate Science
- International Relations
- Disaster Management
Background:
- Climate change exacerbates extreme weather events, posing significant threats to human livelihoods globally.
- States increasingly depend on multilateral institutions like the United Nations (UN) for disaster relief.
- Understanding the factors influencing UN disaster aid allocation is crucial for effective humanitarian response.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the determinants of United Nations (UN) disaster aid allocation.
- To enhance the measurement of climate-related disaster impacts and aid effectiveness.
Main Methods:
- Integrated the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) with meteorological reanalysis data to create a global hazard severity measure.
- Analyzed a dataset of nearly 2,000 climate-related disasters from 2006-2017.
- Employed regression and out-of-sample prediction analyses to assess aid determinants.
Main Results:
- UN disaster aid allocation is predominantly influenced by humanitarian considerations.
- Findings indicate that strategic donor interests do not significantly shape UN aid disbursements.
- Multilateral institutions appear effective in mitigating state-specific interests in aid allocation.
Conclusions:
- Humanitarian needs, rather than strategic interests, are the primary drivers of UN disaster aid.
- The UN effectively channels aid based on necessity, demonstrating its role in impartial disaster relief.
- This research provides a robust framework for assessing disaster aid and its determinants in a changing climate.
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