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Humanitarian need drives multilateral disaster aid.

Lisa M Dellmuth1, Frida A-M Bender2, Aiden R Jönsson2

  • 1Department of Economic History and International Relations, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; lisa.dellmuth@su.se.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|January 22, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Climate change fuels extreme weather, increasing disaster relief needs. United Nations (UN) disaster aid is driven by humanitarian needs, not strategic interests, ensuring aid reaches those most affected.

Keywords:
United Nationsdisaster relief aidextreme eventsmultilateral institutionsnatural hazards

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Area of Science:

  • Climate Science
  • International Relations
  • Disaster Management

Background:

  • Climate change exacerbates extreme weather events, posing significant threats to human livelihoods globally.
  • States increasingly depend on multilateral institutions like the United Nations (UN) for disaster relief.
  • Understanding the factors influencing UN disaster aid allocation is crucial for effective humanitarian response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the determinants of United Nations (UN) disaster aid allocation.
  • To enhance the measurement of climate-related disaster impacts and aid effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) with meteorological reanalysis data to create a global hazard severity measure.
  • Analyzed a dataset of nearly 2,000 climate-related disasters from 2006-2017.
  • Employed regression and out-of-sample prediction analyses to assess aid determinants.

Main Results:

  • UN disaster aid allocation is predominantly influenced by humanitarian considerations.
  • Findings indicate that strategic donor interests do not significantly shape UN aid disbursements.
  • Multilateral institutions appear effective in mitigating state-specific interests in aid allocation.

Conclusions:

  • Humanitarian needs, rather than strategic interests, are the primary drivers of UN disaster aid.
  • The UN effectively channels aid based on necessity, demonstrating its role in impartial disaster relief.
  • This research provides a robust framework for assessing disaster aid and its determinants in a changing climate.