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Related Concept Videos

Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

289
Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
289
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

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It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
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Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

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When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
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Members Made of Elastoplastic Material01:19

Members Made of Elastoplastic Material

256
The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
As the bending moment...
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Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry01:21

Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry

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When a structural member undergoes plastic deformation due to bending, it is crucial to understand the position of the neutral axis and the stress distribution. This member, characterized by a single plane of symmetry, exhibits a uniform stress distribution, with negative stress above the neutral axis and positive stress below. Notably, the neutral axis does not align with the centroid of the cross-section. This misalignment is typical in cases where the cross-section is not rectangular or...
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Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

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When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
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Elastic Shape Morphing of Ultralight Structures by Programmable Assembly.

Nicholas B Cramer1, Daniel W Cellucci2, Olivia B Formoso3

  • 1Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies Inc., Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.

Smart Materials & Structures
|January 22, 2021

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a large-scale, ultralight material for aeroelastic structures. This programmable, lattice-based system offers elastomer stiffness at aerogel density, enabling efficient, adaptive aircraft components.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Aerospace Engineering
  • Structural Mechanics

Background:

  • Ultralight materials offer potential for increased aerostructure efficiency.
  • Current manufacturing limitations restrict ultralight materials to laboratory scales.
  • Need for scalable manufacturing of advanced materials for aerospace applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a programmable material system for large-scale, ultralight aeroelastic structures.
  • To enable rapid realization of new adaptive structures and mechanisms.
  • To investigate the application of programmable anisotropy for enhanced deformation and fluid-structure interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a modular, lattice-based material system.
  • Employed a building block-based manufacturing and configuration strategy.
  • Integrated heterogeneous design with programmable anisotropy.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved elastomer stiffness (2.6 MPa) at aerogel density (5.6 kg/m³).
    • Demonstrated enhanced elastic and global shape deformation.
    • Successfully applied to a 4.27m wingspan aircraft structure, showing improved aerodynamic efficiency and roll control via shape morphing.

    Conclusions:

    • The programmable material system overcomes manufacturing constraints for large-scale ultralight aeroelastic structures.
    • The material's properties and design enable efficient, adaptive aerodynamic performance.
    • Validated through full-scale wind tunnel testing for aircraft applications.