Heterosexual and perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in a low prevalence community

Six previously unidentified cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were found during an investigation and follow-up of three clusters of heterosexually and perinatally transmitted HIV infections. The investigations were to identify those infected, to interrupt the transmission of HIV, to attempt to reduce the likelihood of the development of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome among those found to be seropositive, and to show the usefulness of traditional disease control strategies during this epidemic. Our findings indicate the value of contact tracing for HIV infections and the need to provide and evaluate educational activities regarding the transmission of HIV in low prevalence populations.