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A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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Hormonal Therapy for Prostate Cancer.

Kunal Desai1, Jeffrey M McManus2, Nima Sharifi2,3,4

  • 1Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

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PubMed
Summary

Hormonal therapies have evolved significantly since the 1940s for androgen-dependent prostate cancer. Current treatments target testosterone deprivation, androgen biosynthesis, and androgen receptor inhibition for advanced disease.

Keywords:
abirateroneandrogen deprivation therapyandrogensenzalutamideglucocorticoidsprostate cancersteroids

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer's androgen dependence was established in the 1940s.
  • Hormonal therapy has advanced from testosterone deprivation to targeting androgen receptor (AR) and biosynthesis.
  • Current advanced prostate cancer care involves gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, AR antagonists, and abiraterone.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and assess hormonal therapies for diverse prostate cancer clinical states.
  • To provide an overview of the evolution of prostate cancer hormonal treatments.
  • To discuss the current standard of care for advanced prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of hormonal therapies for prostate cancer.
  • Analysis of advancements in androgen deprivation and AR inhibition.
  • Assessment of current treatment modalities for advanced prostate cancer.

Main Results:

  • Hormonal therapy has progressed through multiple stages of androgen blockade.
  • Current standards include LHRH agonists, enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide, and abiraterone.
  • Individual androgen physiology, including germline determinants like HSD3B1, influences treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Effective hormonal therapy for prostate cancer requires understanding complex androgen physiology.
  • Future advancements may incorporate genetic factors influencing androgen metabolism.
  • Personalized hormonal strategies are key for managing advanced prostate cancer.