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Related Experiment Videos

Positive Coombs' test associated with ulcerative colitis. A prevalence study.

L O Poulsen1, L Freund, K Lylloff

  • 1Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Aalborg Hospital, Denmark.

Acta Medica Scandinavica
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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A positive Coombs

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Autoimmune phenomena can occur in UC patients.
  • Coombs' testing is used to detect autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of positive Coombs' tests in ulcerative colitis patients.
  • To characterize the immunological findings in UC patients with positive Coombs' tests.

Main Methods:

  • Screening 112 ulcerative colitis patients for positive Coombs' tests.
  • Immunoglobulin and complement analysis on red blood cells.
  • Assessment for laboratory evidence of hemolysis and red cell survival.
  • Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) typing.

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Main Results:

  • Two out of 112 UC patients (1.8%) had a positive Coombs' test.
  • Detected immunoglobulins were IgG; no complement was found on red cells.
  • No clear laboratory evidence of hemolysis was observed, though reduced red cell survival was suspected in one patient with a history of autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
  • HLA-antigens were diverse, with HLA-A1 being a common antigen in the two positive cases.

Conclusions:

  • A positive Coombs' test is uncommon in ulcerative colitis patients.
  • The findings suggest a potential, albeit rare, association between UC and red cell-bound IgG without overt hemolysis.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the implications of these immunological findings in UC.