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Fluid Mosaic Model

Fluid Mosaic Model

Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich...

The Fluid Mosaic Model

The Fluid Mosaic Model

The fluid mosaic model was first proposed as a visual representation of research observations. The model comprises the composition and dynamics of membranes and serves as a foundation for future membrane-related studies. The model depicts the structure of the plasma membrane with a variety of components, which include phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. These integral molecules are loosely bound, defining the cell’s border and providing fluidity for optimal function.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

Published on: July 27, 2017

Characterization of Protein-Phospholipid/Membrane Interactions Using a "Membrane-on-a-Chip" Microfluidic System.

Calvin Yeager¹, Djoshkun Shengjuler², Simou Sun³

¹Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|January 22, 2021

Summary

Mammalian cell organelles have unique phospholipid profiles. A new microfluidic system studies protein-phospholipid interactions within cell membranes, offering insights into protein localization and function.

Keywords:

Fluorescence Label-free Microfluidics Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate Phosphoinositides Pleckstrin Homology domain Supported lipid bilayer pH modulation

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Last Updated: Nov 20, 2025

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

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Published on: July 27, 2017

Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution

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Published on: August 16, 2016

Biomembrane Fabrication by the Solvent-assisted Lipid Bilayer SALB Method

Biomembrane Fabrication by the Solvent-assisted Lipid Bilayer SALB Method

Published on: December 1, 2015

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Biochemistry
Membrane Biophysics

Background:

Cellular organelles possess distinct phospholipid compositions.
Phospholipids influence membrane properties and protein localization.
In vitro studies of protein-lipid interactions often lack biological context.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a system for studying protein-phospholipid interactions within a membrane environment.
To investigate the importance of phospholipid context in protein binding.
To analyze viral protein interactions with phosphoinositides.

Main Methods:

Creation of tailored membranes within a microfluidic device.
Incorporation of a fluorescent lipid as a reporter for protein binding.
Utilizing microfluidics to study protein-lipid interactions in a membrane context.

Main Results:

Demonstrated the utility of the microfluidic system for studying protein-membrane interactions.
Showcased the importance of phospholipid context over isolated headgroup interactions.
Validated the system for analyzing protein binding events with a net change in surface charge.

Conclusions:

The developed microfluidic system accurately models protein-phospholipid interactions in a membrane.
Understanding phospholipid context is crucial for studying protein-lipid interactions.
This system enables the study of diverse membrane surface interactions.