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Purely Behavioral: A Scoping Review of Nonpharmacological Behavioral and Lifestyle Interventions to Prevent
S Raquel Ramos1, Olivia M O'Hare, Ailene Hernandez Colon
1S. Raquel Ramos, PhD, MBA, MSN, FNP-BC, is Assistant Professor, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA. Olivia M. O'Hare, BSN, is a recent graduate, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA. Ailene Hernandez Colon, BSN, is a recent graduate, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA. Susan Kaplan Jacobs, MLS, MA, BSN, is a Health Sciences Librarian/Curator, New York University, New York, New York, USA. Brynne Campbell, MS, BA, is a Health Sciences Reference Associate, New York University, New York, New York, USA. Trace Kershaw, PhD, is Professor and Chair, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, and Director, P30 Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS and R25 REIDS HIV Training Programs, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Allison Vorderstrasse, DNSc, MSN, APRN, is Professor and Dean, College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA. Harmony R. Reynolds, MD, is Director, Sarah Ross Soter Center for Women's Cardiovascular Research, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, NYU LangoneHealth, New York, New York, USA.
Insights
Nonpharmacological interventions like physical activity and weight loss can reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in people with HIV. Research shows a growing focus on these behavioral strategies to improve heart health.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Cardiology
- HIV Medicine
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the US.
- Individuals with HIV face an elevated risk of developing CVD.
- There is a growing need for effective CVD risk reduction strategies in the HIV population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of nonpharmacological behavioral interventions for CVD risk reduction in people living with HIV.
- To identify and categorize existing interventions in the literature.
- To assess the trends and limitations in current research.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive scoping review was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis.
- Six major databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane) were searched in July 2020.
- Included studies were analyzed and categorized into physical activity, weight loss, dietary, and multicomponent interventions.
Main Results:
- Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria for the review.
- Interventions focused on physical activity (n=6), weight loss (n=2), dietary changes (n=1), and multicomponent approaches (n=9).
- A notable increase in multicomponent interventions has been observed in the last decade.
Conclusions:
- Nonpharmacological behavioral interventions are increasingly emphasized for managing CVD risk in people with HIV.
- Multicomponent interventions show promise but require further investigation.
- The current literature has limitations, including underrepresentation of diverse geographic regions and populations disproportionately affected by CVD.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for 900,000 deaths annually. People living with HIV are at a higher risk of developing CVD. We conducted a scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis. In July 2020, six databases were searched: PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, as well as reference lists of relevant studies and key journals. Our review identified 18 studies that addressed nonpharmacological behavioral interventions into the following: physical activity (n = 6), weight loss (n = 2), dietary interventions (n = 1), and multicomponent interventions (n = 9). In the past 10 years, there has been an increased emphasis on nonpharmacological behavioral approaches, including the incorporation of multicomponent interventions, to reduce cardiovascular risk in people living with HIV. The extant literature is limited by underrepresentation of geographic regions and populations that disproportionately experience CVD.
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