Characterizing Blunt Cerebrovascular Injuries and Stroke: A Single Center Retrospective Study.
Lillie Tien1, Dan-Victor Giurgiutiu2, Erin F Switzer3
1Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University.
Summary
Blunt cerebrovascular injuries can lead to ischemic stroke. Early neurologist consultation is crucial for preventing and managing strokes in trauma patients, potentially reducing patient risk.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Trauma Surgery
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Blunt cerebrovascular injuries (BCVI) are a significant concern in trauma patients.
- Ischemic stroke is a potential complication of BCVI, necessitating specialized management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of ischemic stroke following BCVI.
- To evaluate the neurologist's role in the prevention and management of ischemic stroke in this patient cohort.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of patients with BCVI from 2016-2019 at a Level I trauma center.
- Analysis of demographics, injury mechanisms, stroke occurrence, interventions, and neurology consultations.
- Descriptive statistics to characterize stroke patterns and management.
Main Results:
- Nine out of forty patients (22.5%) with BCVI developed ischemic stroke.
- Carotid artery injuries were associated with a 33.3% stroke rate (6/18), and vertebral artery injuries with an 11.1% rate (3/27).
- Most strokes occurred by hospital day two, with neurology consultations typically occurring on hospital day four.
Conclusions:
- A substantial proportion of BCVI patients are at risk for ischemic stroke.
- Polytrauma can delay diagnosis and treatment, impacting stroke prevention.
- Earlier neurology consultation can potentially decrease the burden of ischemic stroke in trauma patients.
