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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
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Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

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This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models
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Dysphagia in the elderly population: A Videofluoroscopic study.

Sina Mehraban-Far1, James Alrassi2, Rushil Patel1

  • 1Stony Brook University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Stony Brook, NY, USA.

American Journal of Otolaryngology
|January 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Elderly dysphagia causes vary by age group, with dementia more common in the oldest old and cancers in the young old. Organic diseases impact swallowing more than aging alone.

Keywords:
Dysphagia in elderlyGeriatric dysphagiaPresbyphagiaVideofluoroscopic swallow study

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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
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Last Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models
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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Dysphagia is a common and serious condition in the elderly population.
  • The etiology of dysphagia in older adults is multifactorial, influenced by age-related changes and comorbid conditions.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how age and underlying comorbid conditions influence swallowing difficulties in elderly patients with dysphagia.
  • To compare the causes and patterns of dysphagia across different age groups within the elderly population.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of 731 patients aged over 64 who underwent Videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) between 2010 and 2018.
  • Patients were stratified into three age groups: young old (65-74), older old (75-84), and oldest old (85+).
  • Comorbidities and VFSS results were analyzed and compared across these age cohorts.

Main Results:

  • The oldest old group showed a higher prevalence of dysphagia due to presbyphagia and dementia.
  • Head and neck cancers were more frequent causes of dysphagia in the young old cohort.
  • Aging without organic disease correlated with prolonged oral transit time (OTT) and post-swallow aspiration; organic diseases led to delayed pharyngeal response and aspiration during swallow.

Conclusions:

  • The causes of dysphagia in the elderly are diverse and differ significantly across age groups.
  • Organic diseases present distinct swallowing impairments compared to age-related changes (presbyphagia).
  • Recognizing the heterogeneity of dysphagia in the elderly is essential for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment.