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Habituation or Normalization? Experiential and Respiratory Recovery From Voluntary Hyperventilation in Treated Versus
Natalie C Tunnell1, Thomas Ritz1, Frank H Wilhelm2
1Southern Methodist University.
Behavior Therapy
|January 23, 2021
Summary
Panic disorder patients showed abnormal respiratory recovery after hyperventilation. Successful hypoventilation therapy normalized this recovery, suggesting respiratory dysregulation is key in panic disorder.
Area of Science:
- Psychophysiology
- Clinical Psychology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Psychophysiological theories suggest respiratory dysregulation contributes to panic disorder (PD).
- Recovery from voluntary hyperventilation (HVT-recovery) is impaired in PD patients.
- It remains unclear if HVT-recovery normalizes with treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if hypoventilation therapy (TX) normalizes HVT-recovery in PD patients.
- To compare HVT-recovery in treated PD patients, waitlist controls (WL), and healthy controls (HC).
- To assess HVT-recovery as a treatment outcome measure for PD.
Main Methods:
- Thirty-seven PD patients were randomized to TX (n=20) or WL (n=17).
- HVT involved 5-min baseline, 3-min hyperventilation, and 8-min recovery.
- End-tidal PCO2, respiratory rate (RR), symptom severity, and anxiety were measured pre- and post-treatment/WL.
Main Results:
- Pre-treatment, PD patients showed delayed HVT-recovery for PCO2 and higher RR compared to HC.
- Treated PD patients demonstrated normalized HVT-recovery for PCO2 and RR, comparable to HC.
- Improvements in HVT-recovery for symptom severity and anxiety did not differ between TX and WL groups.
Conclusions:
- Respiratory dysregulation is a feature of panic disorder.
- Hypoventilation therapy normalizes respiratory recovery after hyperventilation in PD patients.
- HVT-recovery is a useful outcome measure for respiration-based PD therapies.
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