Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research
03:13

Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research

Published on: November 3, 2023

2.6K

[Therapeutics for acute tubular necrosis in 2020]

Marie-Camille Lafargue1, Simon Aubert1, Nivosoa Rabemiarason1

  • 1Service de néphrologie, hôpital Ambroise-Paré, AP-HP, 9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.

Nephrologie & Therapeutique
|January 23, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant cause of hospital death, often stemming from prerenal disease or acute tubular necrosis. Understanding AKI

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pathophysiology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical factor in hospital morbidity and mortality.
  • Prerenal disease and acute tubular necrosis are the primary causes of hospital-acquired AKI.
  • AKI pathogenesis involves tubular cell hypoxia, leading to apoptosis, cytoskeletal disruption, and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying acute tubular necrosis in AKI.
  • To highlight the role of hypoxia in cellular damage and inflammation within the kidney.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for preventing AKI and its progression to chronic kidney disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pathophysiological mechanisms of AKI.
  • Analysis of cellular and microcirculatory impairments due to hypoxia.
  • Examination of pro-fibrotic factors in kidney injury repair.

Main Results:

  • Hypoxia significantly impacts tubular cells, causing apoptosis, cytoskeletal disruption, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • Innate immune cells mediate inflammation, and microcirculation/endothelial cells are impaired by hypoxia.
  • Pro-fibrotic factors hinder repair mechanisms, potentially leading to chronic kidney disease.

Conclusions:

  • AKI pathophysiology involves complex cellular and microcirculatory damage driven by hypoxia.
  • While therapeutic targets exist, further research is needed for effective AKI prevention.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for mitigating AKI's impact on patient outcomes.
Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryAcute kidney tubular necrosisInsuffisance rénale aiguëNécrose tubulaire aiguëPhysiopathologiePhysiopathologyTherapyThérapie

More Related Videos

Intravascular Delivery of Biologics to the Rat Kidney07:29

Intravascular Delivery of Biologics to the Rat Kidney

Published on: September 1, 2016

7.9K
Early Detection of Drug-Induced Renal Hemodynamic Dysfunction Using Sonographic Technology in Rats06:38

Early Detection of Drug-Induced Renal Hemodynamic Dysfunction Using Sonographic Technology in Rats

Published on: March 11, 2016

12.3K

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
128
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
139
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
194
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
551
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
295
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
140