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A review of venous thromboembolism in COVID-19: A clinical perspective

Savas Ozsu1, Ersin Gunay2, Stavros V Konstantinides3

  • 1Department of Chest Diseases, Erdem Healthy Group, İstanbul, Turkey.

The Clinical Respiratory Journal
|January 23, 2021
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 patients face high risks of blood clots, particularly hospitalized individuals. This review critically examines thromboprophylaxis strategies for COVID-19 patients, highlighting the need for consensus.

Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) rapidly became a global pandemic.
  • Hospitalized COVID-19 patients exhibit a significant risk of abnormal coagulation and venous thrombosis, impacting clinical outcomes.
  • Reported incidence of thrombotic complications in hospitalized COVID-19 patients ranges widely from 2.6% to 85%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review current approaches and guidelines for thromboprophylaxis in COVID-19 patients.
  • To analyze the existing literature on thrombotic complications in both hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 cases.
  • To address the lack of consensus regarding pharmacological thromboprophylaxis for COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of studies and guidelines on COVID-19 and thrombosis.
  • Critical analysis of reported incidence rates of thrombotic complications.
  • Evaluation of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis recommendations for COVID-19 patients.

Main Results:

  • Hospitalized COVID-19 patients are at high risk for venous thromboembolism.
  • Incidence rates of thrombotic complications vary significantly across different patient populations (non-critically ill vs. critically ill).
  • The risk of venous thromboembolism in non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients remains largely unknown.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis is recommended for all hospitalized COVID-19 patients without contraindications.
  • There is a lack of consensus on specific thromboprophylaxis protocols for COVID-19.
  • Further research and guideline refinement are necessary to establish clear management strategies for COVID-19-associated thrombosis.

Keywords:
COVID-19LMWHanticoagulationmortalityvenous thrombosis

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