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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Early detection of accelerated aging and cellular decline (AACD): A consensus statement.

Matteo Cesari1, Antonio Cherubini2, Jack M Guralnik3

  • 1Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, University of Milan, Via Camaldoli 64, 20100 Milano, Italy.

Experimental Gerontology
|January 23, 2021
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Summary

Accelerated aging and cellular decline (AACD) is characterized by 13 predisposing factors, including chronic diseases and obesity. Early detection is challenging but crucial for timely intervention in age-related conditions.

Keywords:
Accelerated aging and cellular declineAge-associated cellular declineAgingBiomarker

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Cellular Biology
  • Biomarkers and Diagnostics
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • The concept of accelerated aging and cellular decline (AACD) aims to define the biological underpinnings of age-related conditions.
  • Existing frameworks may not fully capture the complexity of age-associated cellular decline.
  • A standardized approach is needed for clinical and research applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish expert consensus on the definition, risk factors, and clinical manifestations of AACD.
  • To develop a framework for identifying and differentiating AACD from other conditions.
  • To lay the groundwork for future clinical implementation and preventative strategies.

Main Methods:

  • An interdisciplinary expert panel convened in a virtual workshop.
  • A modified nominal group technique was employed to achieve consensus.
  • International expert review and feedback were incorporated into the final model.

Main Results:

  • Thirteen key factors predisposing to or manifesting AACD were identified, with chronic diseases, obesity, and genetics being most significant.
  • AACD development is often gradual and nonspecific, posing diagnostic challenges.
  • An initial checklist of early clinical indicators (e.g., fatigue, sleep disturbance, low mood) was proposed.

Conclusions:

  • The AACD construct offers a framework for early identification of age-related conditions, potentially enabling intervention and reversion.
  • A two-step diagnostic approach involving clinical indicators and biomarker confirmation is suggested.
  • Further research is required to validate biomarkers and refine the AACD concept for clinical practice.